TO KATHIE YOUNGHANS, Friendship Bridge is more than a small business
loan program for Guatemalan women.
"It's our own little private revolution," said the owner
of Amicas Restaurant and founder of Salida's chapter of the
international microcredit program. "It's women helping
women."
Headquartered in Evergreen, Colorado, Friendship Bridge is a
non-profit, non-governmental organization that provides microcredit and
educational programs to Guatemalan women who want to create their own
solutions to poverty. Believing that "women are effective
entrepreneurs, leaders and agents of change for themselves, their
families and communities," Friendship Bridge began working with
women in Vietnam in 1994 before establishing a program for Mayan women
in rural Guatemala in 1998.
"With women, the money they make from their businesses goes
back into the family," Younghans explained. "With men it
doesn't always make it to the family. There is a fairly high rate of
alcoholism among men in Guatemala. Lending to men has not been proven
successful in other programs. With women we have a 99% payback
rate."
Friendship Bridge is modeled on the microcredit principles of the
Grameen Bank, founded by 2006 Nobel Prize Winner Mohammed Yunus, who
wrote Banker to the Poor. The microcredit system is the
extension of small loans to those individuals not considered
"bankable" by traditional banking measures. Originally
established in Bangladesh, microcredits are geared towards individuals
who lack collateral, steady employment and verifiable credit history.
In the mid-70's the microcredit system was largely dismissed as
unsustainable, but due to its success in developing countries such as
India, Vietnam and Guatemala, the United Nations declared 2005 the
International Year of Microcredit.
Guatemalan women, according to a study by the World Bank, have the
lowest economic activity rate in Latin America.
"That's why we're there," Younghans explained. "We go
to the poorest of the poor. Basically these women can't do anything
with the bank. They have no collateral and also they don't have any
banking skills. The illiteracy rate in the Mayan population is between
65 and 70%. They could no more go to a bank and do all that red tape
than fly to the moon. We are a bank to them."